While every Oracle shop has a different licensing agreement, there are substantial savings to be had from downgrading from Oracle Enterprise Edition (EE) to the lesser Standard Edition and Express Edition (XE). In some shops, consolidating instances onto single servers is the answer. I've worked in shops that chose to abandon certain EE features so that they could run their applications on the cheaper Oracle SE.
Oracle's Multi-Core Factor in Licensing multi core licensing
It is conventional knowledge that in the world of Oracle licensing, one license is needed per processor, but multi-core processors are a different animal. Multi-core processor licensing costs have to do with the number of cores multiplied by Oracle's defined multi-core factor. For example, the IBM AIX (a.k.a. RISC) system has 4-eight core processors, which means that it requires 24 Oracle licenses based on Oracle's "multi-core factor", which is 0.75 for the IBM AIX system.
In this case the formula for determining that 24 Oracle licenses are needed is 4*8*0.75 = 24
The multi-core factor is as follows:
* 0.25 for SUN's UltraSparc T1 processors
* 0.50 for Intel and AMD processors
* 0.75 for SUN's UltraSparc T2 processors
* 0.75 for all other multi-core processors
* 1.00 for single-core processors
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